Revision: Tue, 29 Oct 2024 10:57:31 GMT

Active Query

The ActiveQuery class extends Cycle ORM Select class and is specifically designed to integrate with entities managed by ActiveRecord. It simplifies the process of building queries and can be easily maintained and reused throughout the application.

Standard Usage

Entities that extend the ActiveRecord class automatically benefit from the ActiveQuery capabilities through the query() method:

php
ActiveRecord.php
public static function query(): ActiveQuery
{
    return new ActiveQuery(static::class);
}

This method provides a straightforward way to begin a query operation tailored to the entity's context.

Defining Custom Query Classes

To encapsulate specific query logic, developers can create custom query classes that extend the ActiveQuery class.

For example, the CommonQuery class might define methods to handle common requirements such as filtering by active status or sorting by creation time:

php
CommonQuery.php
/**
 * @template T
 * @extends ActiveQuery<User>
 */
class CommonQuery extends ActiveQuery
{
    public function active(bool $state = true): static
    {
        return $this->where(['active' => $state]);
    }

    public function sortByCreateTime(bool $newestFirst = true): static
    {
        return $this->orderBy(['created_at' => $newestFirst ? 'DESC' : 'ASC']);
    }
}

By overriding the query() method in a derived entity class to return an instance of a custom query class, developers can significantly simplify the data access layer. This approach not only enhances code readability but also improves the organization of business logic:

php
User.php
#[Entity(table: 'user')]
class User extends ActiveRecord
{
    // ...

    /**
     * @return CommonQuery<static>
     */
    public static function query(): CommonQuery
    {
        return new CommonQuery(static::class);
    }
}

Now we can fetch all user records, which are not active and are ordered by createdAt field in descending order:

php
$users = User::query()
    ->active(false)
    ->sortByCreateTime(false)
    ->fetchAll();

Now let's personalize the Active Query class to User entity:

php
UserQuery.php
/**
 * @extends CommonQuery<User>
 */
class UserQuery extends CommonQuery
{
    public function __construct()
    {
        parent::__construct(User::class);
    }

    public function emailVerified(bool $state = true): static
    {
        return $this->where(['email_verified' => $state]);
    }

    public function subscribtionLevel(Subsctiption $level): static
    {
        return $this->where('subscriptionLevel', '>=' , $level->alue);
    }
}

And update the User entity to use the UserQuery class:

php
User.php
#[Entity(table: 'user')]
class User extends ActiveRecord
{
    // ...

    public static function query(): UserQuery
    {
        return new UserQuery();
    }
}

Now we can use functions from CommonQuery and UserQuery classes:

php
$users = User::query()
    ->active(false)
    ->emailVerified(true)
    ->subscribtionLevel(Subsctiption::Any)
    ->fetchAll();

$mailer->sendReminder($users);
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